Wermelskirchen and Hückeswagen (reservoir country)
This is the heart of the Bergisches Land, with dams in almost every valley. The Bever reservoir near Hückeswagen has marked swimming spots, sailing and campsites, and the larger Große Dhünn reservoir supplies drinking water, so it is for walks only. Hückeswagen's old town climbs to a small castle. The Balkantrasse, a cycle path on an old railway line, runs through Wermelskirchen. Düsseldorf airport is around 45 minutes away.
Best for: Swimming, sailing and cycling round the reservoirs
Not for you if: You want a lively town: both are small, and evenings are quiet.
Eitorf and Siegburg (the Sieg valley)
Eitorf is a small town in a wooded bend of the Sieg, on the Natursteig Sieg hiking trail and the riverside cycle path, with canoe trips on the river in summer. Siegburg, about 25 minutes downstream, has a Benedictine abbey on the Michaelsberg above the town and an ICE station with fast trains to Cologne and Frankfurt. Cologne Bonn airport is around 20 minutes from Siegburg and 40 from Eitorf.
Best for: River walks, canoeing and quick trains to Cologne and Bonn
Not for you if: You want the classic Bergisches Land of slate houses and dams: the Sieg valley is on its southern edge.
Leichlingen (the lower Wupper)
Leichlingen calls itself the Blütenstadt for the fruit orchards around it, which flower in April and May. The Wupper runs through the town, with a cycle path along it. Schloss Burg, a rebuilt hilltop castle above the Wupper near Solingen, is around 20 minutes away. Trains reach Cologne in under half an hour, and Düsseldorf airport is about 30 minutes by car.
Best for: Orchard walks and day trips to Cologne and Düsseldorf
Not for you if: You want hills and forest at the door: Leichlingen is on the edge of the Rhine plain.
Remscheid (Müngsten and Lennep)
The Müngsten bridge, at 107 metres the highest railway bridge in Germany, crosses the Wupper gorge between Remscheid and Solingen. You can walk the Brückenpark below it or join a guided climb up the steel arches. Lennep, Remscheid's old quarter of slate-clad houses, is where Wilhelm Röntgen was born, and the German Röntgen Museum is there. Wuppertal and its suspended railway are around 20 minutes away.
Best for: Industrial history, museums and the Müngsten bridge
Not for you if: You want countryside rather than a town: Remscheid is a sizeable hillside city.
Bergneustadt (the Oberbergisches Land)
Bergneustadt sits in the eastern Oberbergisches Land, where the hills climb towards the Sauerland. Its old town has black slate and white timber houses on a ridge above the newer town. The Aggertalsperre, a reservoir with paths around it, is close by, and the Wiehl stalactite cave and the Aggertal cave at Ründeroth are each around 20 minutes away. Cologne Bonn airport is roughly an hour by car.
Best for: Quiet woods, caves and a small old town
Not for you if: You want an easy run to Cologne: it is around an hour's drive.